Oil-distributing means for oil-engines, &amp; c.



- No. 645,458. Patented Mar. I3, I900.

L. CHARON & F. MANAUT.

OIL DISTRIBUTING MEANS FOR OIL ENGINES, 81.0.

(Application filed June 3, 1899.)

(No Model.)

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UNITED STATES ATENT OFFICE.

LOUIS CHARON AND FRFDERIO MANAUT, OF PARIS, FRANCE.

OIL-DISTRIBUTING MEANS FOR OIL-ENGINES, 800.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 645,458, dated March 13, 1900. Application filed June 3, 1899. Serial No- 7l9,2'74. (N0 m del-l To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, 'LoUIs CHARON and FREDERIO MANAUT, citizens of the Republic of France, residing at Rue Laffite, Paris, France, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Means for Distributing Oil to the Cylinders of Oil-Engines, also applicable to other purposes, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to apparatus by which liquid can be distributed from a reservoir at fixed intervals of time and in fixed quantities. Such an apparatus is especially applicable for distributing petroleum to the cylinders of motors using heavy oil. For the regular'working of such a motor it is of the greatest importance that at each working stroke a fixed quantity of liquid should be passed to the cylinder, and an object of our invention is to enable this to be with certainty effected.

The accompanying drawings show, by way of example, a method of constructing a distributer of liquid in accordance with this invention for application to a heavy-petroleum motor.

Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of the entire distributer and of its connections with a petroleum-reservoir, a compressed-air reservoir, and the cylinders of the motor. Figs. 2 and 3 are partial horizontal sections on the lines AB and O D, respectively, of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a vertical half-section of a modified form of the valve a.

The apparatus comprises a distributingplug Ct, receiving an intermittent motion from the motor and provided with a number of equal and regularly-spaced cells I), in which the liquid which comes from a reservoir 0 lodges. This plug, which forms a throttle or distributing valve, moves with slight friction in a casing d, the sides of which are pierced by two pairs of holes 6 f and g h, serving as ports to respectively fill and empty the cells. The ports e f place the casing din communication with a trough maintained at aconstant level and fed from the reservoir 0. Port 9 serves as an exhaust-port and communicates with the space intended to receive the liquid-that is, the cylinder of the motor. Port it communicates with the compressed-air reservoir 0 Each of the cells b in the plug a comes successively before the two pairs of portsbefore the first pair e f to be filled,as it passes, with a fixed quantity of liquid and to be emptied, as it passes, before the second pair of ports g h.

It will be easily seen that the cells 19 being regularly spaced apart and the plug a being driven by the motor, a cell (with its quantity of liquid which is fixed by the level Z in the trough i) can be opposite the exhaust-ports g h at every cycle and a regular and uniform supply thus insured.

The plug a is preferably made of bronze and is of truncated shape, as shown. The cells b, with which it is pierced, each comprise a vertical cylindrical portion or it may be any other convenient shape, and two horizontal branches, one above and one below, arranged so as to come respectively and successively in front, the one of ports f and h and the other of ports 6 and g in the casing d. The plug a is intermittently rotated by a ratchet-wheel m, driven in any suitable manner. This ratchet has the same number of teeth as the number of cells I) in the plug a. The ports g and h of the casing d only uncover one cell at a time, while the ports e and f permit of the filling of several cells ata time (by port 6) and the escape (by port f) of the air that the liquid expels as it flows into the cells. The port g communicates by means of a pipe n with the vaporizer of the motor, and the port It communicates by means of a pipe 19 with the compressed-air reservoir 0. The trough i receives petroleum from the reservoir 0 through a pipe 0" opening into a box 8, at the bottom of which a valve t is arranged, the opening and closing of which is regulated by a float q, to which it is connected by a rod pivoted at Q.

To start the apparatus, a tap in the pipe r is opened. The trough i is thus filled with petroleum until the float q, rising, closes the valve i, the liquid by this time having attained the level Z. This level is kept constant by the valve 25, which opens to admit liquid as soon as the level begins to fall. The cells 1) will therefore be filled with a fixed quantity of liquid as they pass the ports e f, and this liquid, when the plug is rotated so that a cell comes in front of ports 9 and h, will be driven into the pipe 'n. by the air coming through the pipe 19 from the reservoir 0.

At each movement of the ratchet-wheel m acell will be brought in front of the said ports and its emptying will take place during the subsequent stoppage. The ports a and f are of such a size as to allow the cells to remain in front of them long enough to be filled. weight of the float q is regulated according to the power of the motor to which it' is applied, so that the level .of the liquid in the trough i is maintained either at Z or Z higher or lower.

As will be seen, the apparatus can be used for motors of difierent powers. The apparatus can, moreover, be adjusted when working so as to distribute more or less liquid. To enable this to be done by means of a handle a; acting on a threaded rod y or other analogous means, the float 1 together with the val ve-box 3, may be raised and the level Zvaried, and as a result the quantity of liquid distributed at each aspiration.

To start aheavy-petroleum motor, it is nec-i essary to supply the high temperature which is wanting at this moment by a larger admis sion of petroleum, if itis desired to have regular ignition from the beginning. To attain this result, it is only necessary to slightly raise at the moment of starting thefioat q and valve-box s. Assoon as the motor is running normally and the temperature-resulting from the first explosions is high enough the valvebox 8 and float q are lowered to the desired position, so that the level of the petroleum falls to-Z, the normal working level, and the petroleum is thenceforth distributed normally and in fixed quantities.

thefioat q and valve-box s the cells 11 may in the case of a motor of given power be made in such a manner that the cylindrical portion 1, Fig. 4, which corresponds to the volume of petroleum that is normally distributed, is sur-' mounted by a portion 2 of larger diameter;

By means of this arrangement the movement of the float and valve-box is reduced-i. 6.,

when the level Z is slightly raised the volume The 3 Furthermore, to enable more petroleum to be distributed on start-- ing without it being necessary to greatly raise in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we claim is- 1. In an apparatus for distributing liquids, a casing having two sets of ports,a plug snugly fitting said casing and moving therein, said plug having channels adapted to aline with said two sets of ports, an oil-tank in communication with one set of ports whereby said channels will be filled with liquid to the same level as the tank,a compressed-air supply connected with one port of the other set and an oil-pipe leading from the other port and means for varying the level in the tank to control the amount of liquid fed by the apparatus, substantially as described. 2. In an apparatusfor distributing liquids, a casing having two sets of ports,a plug snugly fitting said casing and moving therein, said plug having channels adapted to successively aline with'said two sets of ports, an oil-tank in open communication with one set of ports whereby thechannels will be filled to the same level as the oil-level in the tank, means for varying the oil-level in said tank, a compressed-air supply connected with one port of the other set and an oil-feed pipe leading from the other I port, substantially as described.

3. In an apparatus for distributing liquids, a casing having two sets of lateral ports, a plug 'rotatably mounted therein, means for imparting to said plug an intermittent rotary movement, said plug having a plurality of vertical cells terminating at top and bottom in lateral passages adapted to successively aline with said ports, an oil-tank in'open communication with one set of ports whereby said channels will be successively filled to the level of the oil-level in thetank, a compressed-air supply and oil-feed pipe in connection with the other set of ports, a valve-casing, a valve therein, a float pivotally mounted in the tank and connected with the valve, means for raising and lowering said valve-casing to control the action of the valve and float and an oilsupply connected with said valve-casin g, substantially as described.

'In witness whereof we have hereunto set our hands in presence of two witnesses.

LOUIS OHARON. FREDERIo MANAUT. 

